An Analytical Study of Jordanian Local Architecture Case Study: Selected Residential Buildings for the City of Amman (1960-1970)

Abstract

Local architecture is intricately linked to its contextual origins, representing the influence of geographical, cultural, environmental, and economic factors that have contributed to its formation. The uniqueness of local architecture sets it apart from architectural styles found in other regions. In the case of Amman, the local architecture asserts its specificity and identity, which have emerged as a natural consequence of Jordan's environmental conditions, historical background, and people. Consequently, a comprehensive analytical examination of Amman's local architecture becomes imperative to unravel its rich architectural heritage.

This research focuses on a selection of residential buildings from the 1960s as case studies to illuminate the distinct characteristics of local architecture in Amman. Employing a descriptive analysis methodology, each case study will be thoroughly characterized and scrutinized to reveal the underlying factors that shaped them and gave rise to their unique attributes. Moreover, this investigation will delve into the functional and aesthetic elements of the architectural form, exploring the employed construction methods. Complementary to the analysis, original architectural drawings, photographs from field trips, and analytical drawings will supplement the study.

The significance of this research lies in its documentary nature, capturing an important era in the history of Jordan's Hashemite Kingdom, as manifested in the architectural composition of Amman's buildings. Additionally, the study aims to establish a comparative analysis of architectural styles and movements during the 1960s. This study entails a comprehensive assessment of their impact on residential architecture in Amman.

The research yields significant conclusions underscoring the pivotal role played by Jordanian architects in shaping the trajectory of local architecture. Their contribution extends to influencing architectural trends, grounded in both theoretical and practical values. The effective impact of these architects on architectural trends and values is indicative of the presentation of contemporary local architecture, striking a harmonious balance between professional practice and academic endeavors.

Notably, the modernist style emerges as a particularly influential pattern in the residential buildings of Amman's local architecture during the 1960s, introducing innovative configurations to the traditional housing paradigm. This shift reflects the evolving societal and cultural dynamics of the time, with architects responding to changing needs and aspirations of the inhabitants while also incorporating global architectural trends into the local context. Thus, this research serves as a testament to the dynamic interplay between tradition and modernity in the architectural landscape of Amman, showcasing the resilience and adaptability of local architectural expressions in the face of evolving socio-cultural forces.